Play, Games, and Sport

Play, games, and sport have remained prevalent in the contemporary world. As a matter of fact, different communities or cultural groups would practice these activities for various reasons. Among other things, the general purpose of these activities is mainly to enhance the cultural norms and values of the communities associated with them. The sport activities of any group are of great significance, since they help in reaffirming or transgressing the cultural patterns of that particular group.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Play, Games, and Sport specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This article describes a sport or leisure activity within a particular group whereby the following aspects are keenly observed: the nature of the sport, its history within the group, the participants, the audience involved, elements of the activity that would tend to contravene prevailing attitudes, and finally, what the activity sug gests about the self-perception of the group which practices it. The Bamboo Pole Dance, commonly practiced by the Li people of China has been chosen for this assignment. Bamboo Pole dance is a popular sport among the Li people. In this type of sport, people jump and dance systematically between bamboo poles that are placed parallel to each other, and which are held from either side by eight people. The poles are slammed together to match the rhythm of the accompanying tune which serves as a guide to both the pole holders and the dancers. Meanwhile, the dancers jump between the sticks as they display all kinds of elegant moves. The holders of the poles can shift from one position to another to change the height of the poles, thus exposing the dancers to different height levels. In so doing, they make the dance either easier or more challenging to the dancers. The main trick of the game is to have the dancers’ feet get trapped between the poles. On the other hand, victory can b e realised when one successfully makes their way through the puzzle. Losers are politely dismissed from the dance, while those who emerge victorious are lifted up to the jubilation of the audience. The Bamboo Pole Dance was started by the Li people of China. As it would be observed, the dance was originally known as ‘Ka Ge’ in the community’s dialect. The Li people, like other communities used dance and music to accompany their many chores in the fields and also when performing traditional rituals. There is no doubt that the Bamboo Pole dance was the most adorable sport activity among this group of people. This elegant traditional activity would be performed whenever people came together for significant events. Initially, the dance was only meant for the men. Those times, the role of the women was to hold the poles for their male counterparts to dance. This, however, has changed over the years, and today, both men and women can directly take part in the dance. In this respect, people of all ages can compete with each other to maneuver their way through the moving poles. Similarly, there is no restriction on the age of those who can observe the activity.Advertising Looking for assessment on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Bamboo Pole Dance is a wonderful sport activity which attracts great audience, probably owing to the magical performances involved. However, one way in which the play contravenes prevailing attitudes is that, there can be too much exposure of the participants’ bodies as they react to different levels of the dance. Even though this type of sport can be performed at anytime, it is normally conducted during important festivals such as when worshipping the gods or when pestling the rice. This actually is a special way through which the Li people express enthusiasm to their tradition and culture. In this regard, the activity clearly suggests th at the Li people have strongly respected their cultural demands regardless of the prevailing transformations of modern-day China. This assessment on Play, Games, and Sport was written and submitted by user Lorelai Bates to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

hate criem Essay

hate criem Essay hate criem Essay New York University New York University is now one of the largest private universities in the United States. The campus is located in downtown Manhattan’s Greenwich Village. NYU offers alot of oppotunities for students with over 400 student clubs and organizations, hundreds of sports and residence hall activities, guest lectures and film screenings, and city excursions and community service opportunities, students get involved with the University, with their college, in their residence hall, and most important, with each other. Students and faculty have access to an exceptional range of facilities, services, residence halls, and dining locations. Academic facilities include nine libraries as well as dozens of specialized centers and institutes. Everyone has access to advanced computer resources and specialized offices that address almost every need from medical attention to discount theatre tickets. Many of NYU’s academic and administrative buildings and freshman residence halls border Washington Square Park. The sidewalks are full of students on their way to class, and members of the NYU community fill the restaurants, shops, and other businesses. Both on campus and off, the people of NYU are directly involved in the day-to-day excitement, culture, and opportunity of the city that serves as a very real extension of NYU’s campus and classrooms. There are 43,911 students attend New york University,which is 43,363 more than the average for all Colleges and Universities. and it is one of the largest university in the us. NYU requires scores for SAT/ACT to be for reading 620/70, Math score of 630/740 and writing 640/730. A G.P.A of 3.6 and up . NYU want to have kinds that are involved in electives and outside of things that help your community grow. The most popular majors at New York

Perceptions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Perceptions - Assignment Example The next category comprises of individuals who associate money and magnanimous deeds. However, the intention of the test was to conduct a study to the masses on their attitude towards money. It reveals that money or wealth influences people’s values (Project Implicit, 2011). These values may be either virtuous or wicked. It is appropriate to say that money influences the background status. Individuals who come from families with average wealth belong to the middle class status whereas those from a humble background belong to the lower middle class. Moreover, huge amounts of money tend to entice some individuals. If a prize is rewarded to an individual, for example, 20 dollars, and the person asked to choose between accepting the pay now or wait for an extra six months in order to gain 120 dollars, the individual prefers to wait for the six months (Project Implicit, 2011). Incase a tragedy happens to a more developed and rich country, some individuals will prefer not to offer assistance in terms of money due to the perception that the country has enough wealth, while others will offer money since they attribute meritorious deeds with money. The Japan earthquake situation generated different perceptions among individuals. The American government offered to aid the countries revival by offering large amounts of money. This generosity developed different perceptions among the people as some said that there is no need of offering assistance In terms of money to a rich country. Other people suggested that it was a noble deed by the Americans as they attributed goodly deeds with

The Feasibility of Different Techniques for Providing Fresh Water to Assignment

The Feasibility of Different Techniques for Providing Fresh Water to Arid Regions of the World - Assignment Example As the essay declares a Water Program for African Arid & Water Scarce zones has been launched by the Italian ministry for Environment & Territory that aims at developing potential water resources management to protect water regions’ fragile environment. Deteriorating qualities caused by hydrological challenges are threatening fresh water resources available within such areas. Frequently, accessible water within arid regions is limited to ground water. Following short duration as well as high intensity rainfall events, surface inflows are frequently restricted to flashfloods. According to the report findings water, like other resources, happens to be at the edge of diminishing, more specifically within world’s arid regions. Within the near future, individuals living in arid regions are going to run short of water supply if they use all the accessible surface water. Such water is harvested from nearby fresh water rivers and springs. Borehole drilling is quite common within arid areas due to grave shortage of water within the regions. Ground water harvesting is considered a viable option since it does not require maintenance costs. This is an approach that aims at converting sea water to fresh drinking water. This happens by way of eliminating salt found within sea water. This is one among the oldest and commonly used techniques for treating water. This is a very practicable approach especially in assuring freshwater supply within arid regions. Desalination has the capability to remove most contaminants within water.

Survey on Teenagers Pocket Money Essay Example for Free

Survey on Teenagers Pocket Money Essay Pocket Money is not just representing how much money that teenagers’ get; it also represents teenagers’ buying tendency, marketing size of teenagers, their finance method and possible reasons of stress because of financial problem. It’s worth to make a statistic on the topic teenager’s pocket money, for the reference of further studies on social research. In this report, the following data would be collected and analyzed. Firstly, we want to compare the pocket money teenagers how to spend their pocket money in past and that in nowadays (e. 2006 vs. 1999), then we should reveal the differences by our statistic figures like mean , mode etc, so that we can know whether they get more money or not, and other statistical information. Secondly, we also are interested in the relation between the teenagers’ ages and the amount of money they get, and then how this found out changes from 1999 to 2006. Thirdly, we want find what kind of things teenagers prefer to buy and whether they can handle their financial overload effectively by themselves. After that, we will try to find the reasons for those phenomena and then generate the conclusion. Objective To build up an online survey, to collect sample data about teenager’s pocket money, how they use it, and any financial problem they faced. Questionnaires In this project, we use internet survey instead of questionnaire survey in collecting samples from teenagers. There are few reasons for us to choose such survey method: First, teenagers are very sensitive to the money they own and they feel too nervous when other people ask about the amount of their pocket money. For those results, they prefer to refuse to answer this questionnaire by face to face method. Secondly, teenagers have a low incentive to do the survey on the street; they think it is wasting their time. This increases the difficulties in sampling from them directly. Thirdly, as a result, we choose internet survey which should be a more effective sampling method since teenagers are easier to access to computers and more willing to answer questionnaire as they feel that they can help other people. The online survey http://freeonlinesurveys. com/rendersurvey. asp? id=o2ve66ut8bs9gh7252868 was posted to HK newsgroup and forums to invite teenagers to fill the online survey since 1st December, 2006. We end the online survey and collected the data at 20th December, 2006. The Hard Copy of the online survey as follows: Result At 20th December, 2006, we collected 111 valid online questionnaires. Result of each question is shown respectively: Over 80% interviewers are in-range below 24, which stated that most interviewers are student. It shows most teenage have around $1000-$2000 pocket money, where around 36% teenage have $1001-$1500 pocket money. Around 34% students have $1501-2000 pocket money per month, which is second highest. 68% teenagers gain their pocket money from parents, where 29% teenagers gain their money pocket by part time job. The others which stated they gained by investment or gambling. But it seems there’s not reliable. In this chat rank 5 represent the highest value option to interviewee while rank 1 is refer to the lowest value option, it show that about 50% of teenagers put ‘studying’ as the last priority(rank 1) in their consumption, after that it will come to ‘saving’ at 25 %. On the other side, ‘entertainment’ is the option which people most willing to spend their money on it and it take 30% in rank 5, beside that ‘dressing ‘also an option that’s less prefer 25% in rank 5. 32% students think that they spent more than they get, which need to pay attention. In the 36 student who said that they spent more than they get, 52% of them would borrow from the money, 42% would borrow from friend. It is need to be concern that 6% of teenagers would borrow from financial company. 37% teenagers think that they can’t handle their financial problem effectively. This data seems reliable as from this survey, 32% cannot control their expanses. Calculation As it is important of founding out statistic factors of nowadays teenagers’ pocket money, calculation of sample mean, mode and median , standard deviation and coefficient of skewness and coefficient of variation are calculate as follows Assumption: Since we don’t know the exact number of â€Å"below $500† and †above 2000†, also number of this two sample is little compare with sample size, so these figures are neglect when calculation. Group Mean: = ? fimi/? fi = (750. 5*29+1250. 5*40+1750. 5*38) / 107 =1292. 5 Median = (107/2) = 53. th, so we know that the median should be in the class 1001-1500 = Lm + [(n/2-Cum Freq. )/f]*w) =1000. 5 + [(107/2 – 29) /40]*500 =1306 Mode Modal Class: 1001-1500 =Lmo+ (d1/d1+d2)*w =1000. 5+ (11/11+2)*500 =1423. 58 We are considering 107 samples. So sample standard deviation = 395. 2638 Coefficient of skewness =3(mean-media n)/standard deviation =3*(1292. 5-1306)/395. 2638 =-0. 1025 The curve is slightly skew to the left Coefficient of variation = standard deviation/ mean *100% = 395. 2638/1292. 5*100% =30. 5813% Discussion From the data posted by education department, mean of teenagers’ pocket money are 151*4 = $604 per month. Compared with sample mean we found, difference between two samples is 1292. 5-604=$688. 5. The difference due to change of HK economic environment and more teenagers earn their pocket money from attending part time job. It is advised that performing a larger survey if analyzing the relationship of teenagers and their pocket money more deeply. According to the survey data, it points out that teenagers are more concerned in materialism spending. And also, over 32% teenagers spending their pocket money is always greater than income, and teenagers are lack of ability to have their personal planning. Lower than 10% teenagers think that saving is important when they received pocket money. They spend a lot either entertainment or dressing. The government should pay more attention to this problem, and educate teenagers how to spending their money effectively, and prevent they will have the thought of ‘Using the future money’. Hong Kong teenagers usually have some part-time jobs income, to satisfy their needs on materialism. The main reason influences teenagers’ shopping style is brand, which is a teenager like to pursuit for famous brand name. Conclusion Via this survey, basically we has the expected proposes. We understand how teenagers get their pocket money and how to spend it, and also understand consumer behavior, including their mental characteristics. As a studies’ data, it can be used in the further studies in the social science. However, since the quantity of questionnaire is relatively few, so the result cannot fully reflect the fact of pocket money spending of teenagers.

The Philosophical and Scientific Methods of René Descartes :: Biography Biographies

The Philosophical and Scientific Methods of Renà © Descartes Renà © Descartes (1596 – 1650) is one of the most widely known philosophers in history and he is frequently discussed as an inventor of the modern scientific method. Rene Descartes was born on March 31, 1596, in La Haye of Touraine. He came from a wealthy family, and thus did not have any real financial worries. At age ten, his father sent him to the College Henri IV at La Fleche. This was a newly established Jesuit school, which was considered one of the best in Europe in terms of academic quality. Although Descartes appreciated what he was taught in mathematics, he was nonetheless discontent with the scholastic teaching he received from that school (Cress, 1993). Scholasticism was a teaching based on the doctrines of Aristotle and the Christian church. Followers of scholasticism often looked upon Aristotle’s work and the teachings of the church as authoritative figures. Indeed, much of their activity consisted in carefully scrutinizing the classical works of Aristotle in an attempt to resolve any contradictions between his works and the doctrines of the church. One of the reasons why Descartes was dissatisfied with Aristotelian-Scholasticism was because of the circular arguments it offered in explaining natural phenomena. For example, Aristotle’s argument that it is in the nature of earthly matter to fall down towards the Earth was to Descartes not an explanation, but rather only a description of what was happening. Furthermore, Descartes argues that terms used in scholasticism such as â€Å"heaviness† and â€Å"gravity† were not clearly understood. Thus, Descartes then proposed to do away with the foundations of scholasticism and start again from the beginning (Cottingham, 1986). Descartes’ dissatisfaction with scholasticism and his interest in beginning with new foundations of knowledge reflect the historical-scientific context of his time. Prior to the seventeenth century, medieval ideas had predominated. These ideas included the necessity to resurrect ancient knowledge, and to discourage innovations. By the seventeenth century, the idea that modern men could be wiser than the ancients was stimulated by the likes of Rene Descartes and Francis Bacon. However, Bacon and Descartes led two distinct schools of thought in regard to how one should pursue the acquisition of knowledge. While Descartes favored a more rational and theoretical approach, Bacon favored an empirical and practical approach.

Homosexuality as a Deviance: Discrimination In Society Essay

Deviance is a behavior that does not conform to social norms, therefore is socially created. Since most people in the United States believe that homosexuality is wrong, society has created homosexuality to be a deviance. Since deviance is relative and not absolute to a society, homosexuality is not a universal form of sexual deviance. There are many cultures that accept forms of homosexuality. The Western society is not accepting of it though, and many times this non-accepting view cause discrimination towards homosexuals. Is homosexuality a way for some people to deviate, or is it just the way some people need to live their lives? If that is the way of life for some people than society has to become accepting towards this lifestyle. Homosexuals are a minority since they differ from the accepted sexual orientation. They become objects of discrimination and contempt. Some of societies anti-homosexual attitudes come from homophobia. Homophobia is â€Å"the irrational fears of homosexuality in others, the fear of homosexual feelings within oneself, or self-loathing because of one’s homosexuality. It stems from ignorance and popular myths that give rise to homosexual prejudice†(Crooks 255). Homophobia is expressed in many ways, both subtle and direct. Telling jokes about queers, belittling their lifestyle, denying them housing, employment, membership into organizations, and engaging in violence against homosexuals. Heterosexuals also express homophobia by avoiding acts that would cause people to think they were gay. It affects men the most like this because it hinders male friendships. Men do not want to get too close to their male friends, or express emotions because they might be considered gay. Homophobia restricts the lives of both gay and straight people. Laws against homosexual behaviors have been very punitive. In the American colonies homosexuals were put to death by burning or drowning. Sodomy, which is oral or anal sex, was against the law in the United States until 1961. Illinois became the first state to repeal the sodomy laws. Now only 13 states continue to have sodomy laws. Even though these laws apply to all segments of the population, they are usually enforced against homosexual men. † Sodomy laws are used to harass homosexuals, especially gay men,  because women in general and lesbians in particular are socially invisible in society†(Eitzen 304). An example of the injustice of sodomy laws is the case of Matthew Leeman. He has been sentanced to 17 years in prison under Kansas State sodomy laws. The details of the case are 18 year old Leeman was convicted of giving a 15 year old boy consensual oral sex due to violation of the state’s sodomy laws. In Kansas sex with any minor is illegal, but there is also a Romeo and Juliet law that states sex with a minor is less of an offense if there is little age difference. Therefore if Leeman had given consensual oral sex to a 15 year old girl he would have received a 12 month sentance. But under the sodomy laws all same sex activities are illegal regardless of age, so the Romeo and Juliet exception does not apply to him. The case was appealed all the way to the Kansas State Supreme Court with the ruling upheld. So 18 year old Matthew Leeman will be in jail until he is 36 years old. The Supreme Court has upheld the right of states to prohibit sodomy in the case Bowers v. Hardwick in 1986. Recently the Supreme Court has decided it will revisit the issue of whether states can continue to prosecute homosexual men for having consensual sex in their homes. A descion is expected in June of 2003. Bars where homosexuals frequent are often raided by the police and many are arrested under the sodomy laws. This practice makes it difficult for homosexuals when they apply for jobs. Applications for employment ask if a person has a criminal record. Since some gays have records for violation sodomy laws, they must write it on their application. Both these offenses, having a record and being gay, makes employment less likely. Homosexuals, especially males, are highly discriminated against in activities considered to be super manly. Up until recently a person could not be gay in the military. Homosexuals were honorably discharged from the military. In 1993 President Clinton attempted to change this tradition. He received much opposition from politicians, citizens and the military. The result was a compromise, a don’t ask, don’t tell rule. This meant that the military personal was not to inquire about sexual preference, and that service members were not to be blatant about their sexual orientation. Another macho activity is sports. Gay men in sport have not been accepted. † There is much at stake in maintaining the silence about gay men in sports and in  discouraging gay male athletes from revealing their identities†(Coakley 234). To even talk about homosexuals in sports would threaten the system of gender classification. The fact is though there are homosexuals in sports and they are discriminated against. In the locker room athletes use anti- gay banter as part of daily life. Homosexuals in sports live in fear of the truth about their sexuality coming out. Although recently studies have shown that organized sports are becoming less homophobic. People in sports are becoming more tolerant of homosexuals. But the value of a homosexual athlete is of core importance. † Gay athletes with high human capital are much more likely to come out of the closet to their teams than are gay athletes with medium or low human capital†(Anderson 12). As homosexuals are slowly accepted by society, the gender lines that inhibit so many will slowly be erased. Another way homosexuals are discriminated against is through family rights. No State in America allows marriage between members of the same sex. Aside from the emotional benefits, there are legal benefits that come with marriage. Health insurance coverage, inheritance of property, and tax benefits are just a few advantages that come with a legally recognized relationship. Parenthood is another aspect of life that homosexuals are disadvantaged. The rights of gay parents are usually denied. When two people divorce it is most often the mother that gains more custody. â€Å"However if the mother is an acknowledged lesbian, this may jeopardize her claim to custody†(Crooks 266). A homosexual man has an even harder time gaining custody, because he has a double disadvantage. Many gay couples are also denied the right to adopt children; in some states it is even illegal. Some lesbian couples have children through artificial insemination. The problem with this is that only the mother of the child is legally recognized as the parent. There are only eight states that â€Å"second-parent adoptions by lesbians and gays have been approved in California, Oregon, Alaska, Washington, New York, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Washington D.C.†(Strong 356). Being homosexual should not prohibit people from raising a legally recognized family. There are two ways that homosexuals deal with living in a hostile society.  The first is to conceal their sexual preference from the world. When they are in the straight world they act heterosexual, and only within the confines of privacy do they act gay. The second strategy is to be a gay liberationist. Instead of keeping their sexuality a secret, they are openly gay at all times. They challenge societal norms in hopes that there will be a change in attitudes. Gay liberationist rose about in the early 1970s, after an event that took place earlier. On June 28, 1969, the police raided Stonewall Inn, a gay hangout. Instead of dispersing as usual, the customers rioted. This incident drew a lot of needed attention to problems of police harassment that homosexuals faced. â€Å"In effect Stonewall resistance came to symbolize the birth of the modern gay rights movement†(Eitzen 312). Since Stonewall there have been many positive changes for gay rights. Now there are laws to protect the rights of homosexuals, where as before they had no laws protecting them. More and more people are coming out of the closet and are proud to be gay (A). As time continues homosexual rights will become stronger. This will only happen with the help of heterosexuals. Education is very important in the fight for gay rights. People must be informed that homosexuality is not a disease, or a sin; it is just the way of life for some people. Homosexuals are not monsters who should be put to death. Homosexuality has been around since before the written word, and each society deals with it differently. Our own society is not accepting of it. These are just humans who have a different sexual preferences than the members of normal society. Homosexuals have relationships, families, and even children, most of which are happy and healthy. They do things heterosexuals do such as serve in the armed forces and play sports. Yet society discriminates against them, even to the point of violence. Even though gay activists have made some difference in how society views their lifestyles, it is not enough. There needs to be more of a change. We as society should be more accepting of these people. If not we are the ones being deviant, with our policies of discrimination and harassment. Work Cited. Anderson, Eric. Openly Gay Athletes: Dealing with hegemonic Masculinity And Homophobia. University of California Coakley, Jay. â€Å"Sport in Society: Issues and Controversies† 7th ed. Boston: McGrawHill, 2001. Crooks, Robert. Our Sexuality. 6th ed. Pacific Grove: Brooks and Cole, 1996. Curtan, Jim. â€Å"Gay Liberation=Spiritual Liberation.† Genre 81 (2000): 74. Eitzen, D. Stanley. Social Problems. 7th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1997. Strong, Bryan. The Marriage and Family Experience, Intimate Relationships in a Changing Society. 7th ed. Belmont: Wadsworth, 1998.